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50 practice questions to prepare for the final written assessment (2 of 2 assessments)
A 25-year-old snowboarder has hit a tree. On exam you find bruising to the chest, distended neck veins, bilateral but decreased breath sounds, and cyanosis. Priority care for this patient includes:
rapid transport to the hospital.
ventilatory support.
contacting medical control.
deferring vital signs.
When you inspect a patient's pupils with a flashlight, the pupils should normally react to the light by:
dilating.
fluttering.
constricting.
not responding.
The bones of the leg between the knee and the ankle are called the:
tibia and fibula.
radius and ulna.
tarsals and metatarsals.
carpals and metacarpals.
Which of the following conditions would be treated in the highest priority category of triage?
death
severe burns
major or multiple bone injuries
back injury with spinal cord damage
You should give oral glucose to patients who are known diabetics and:
are found unconscious.
are complaining of chest pain.
have high blood pressure.
have an altered level of consciousness.
The first step in treating any burn is to:
insert an IV.
cover the wound.
soak it in cold water.
stop the burning process.
When caring for an open abdominal wound from which organs are protruding, the rescuer should:
cover the wound with a dry, sterile dressing.
cover the wound with a moist, sterile dressing.
apply an occlusive air tight dressing.
apply a Vaseline gauze dressing.
After applying a splint to an injured limb, you should next:
measure the splint.
immobilize the limb with a splint.
assess motor function, sensation, and circulation.
follow BSI precautions.
You have responded to the base lodge area for a 73-year-old man complaining of chest pain. What should your treatment include?
Place the patient prone on a cot to help him breathe easier.
Ask whether someone has some nitroglycerin that you could give to the patient.
Get the patient's insurance number.
Administer oxygen to the patient while conducting an assessment.
Which factor(s) accounts for a higher injury incident rate in the late afternoon?
higher skier density
fatigue
deteriorating ski conditions
all of the above
Variations in pupil size may indicate that the patient has:
a head injury.
contact lenses.
conjunctivitis.
retinitis.
During your scene size-up you are evaluating the mechanism of injury for a person who has fallen. You suspect he has serious injuries because he has fallen:
from a standing position.
more than two times his height.
approximately 10 feet.
out of the first-story window.
Cardiac arrest in children is commonly caused by:
a heart attack.
a congenital defect.
primary heart disease.
respiratory problems.
A man tells you that he can't awaken his wife, who you find lying on a bench in the lodge. He explains that she takes pills for diabetes. You find the patient to be unresponsive to painful stimulus. Your first action should be to:
administer oral glucose.
start chest compressions.
open and maintain her airway.
assess sensory and motor function in her toes.
The most effective way to manage disruptive patients is to:
confront them and take charge.
ask questions timidly.
be direct.
delay medical treatment until they cooperate.
Which of the following is the proper sequence to initially assess a patient's vital functions?
airway, circulation, breathing
airway, breathing, circulation
circulation, breathing, airway
breathing, airway, circulation
You are treating an unwilling patient who needs emergency medical care for a severe mental disturbance. As a rescuer, you may have limited legal authority to force a patient to undergo care. Who has authority, in most states, to place a person in protective custody?
a nurse
a lawyer
the police
medical control
When a patient is not mentally competent to grant consent for emergency medical care, the law assumes that there is:
a reason for restraint.
a refusal.
informed consent.
implied consent.
Which of the following structures need to be immobilized above and below a joint injury?
joints
bones
muscles
extremities
A patient who has status asthmaticus:
is less than 12 years old with a history of asthma.
was recently diagnosed with asthma.
experiences relief of an asthma attack without the use of an inhaler.
has a prolonged asthma attack unrelieved by medications.
The primary reason for splinting a bone is to:
replace protruding bones.
prevent swelling.
prevent blood flow.
prevent motion of bone fragments.
What is the first sign of hypothermia?
shivering
drowsiness
speech difficulty
loss of coordination
When using an adult immobilization device to immobilize a pediatric patient:
use plenty of padding.
secure with tape rather than straps.
place the child at the foot of the device.
place a towel under the head and torso.
A patient who has an open chest wound, the sound of air rushing with exhalation, and a characteristic sound with inhalation is generally known to have a:
whistling chest wound.
rushing chest wound.
sucking chest wound.
reverberating chest wound.
A patient has a sucking chest wound. What type of dressing should you apply?
occlusive
loose, bulky
dry, sterile
moist, sterile
Which of the following organs is found in only one of the upper quadrants of the abdomen?
liver
colon
stomach
spleen
An infant with a blood volume of 800 mL would start showing signs of shock after what amount of blood loss?
80 to 100 mL
100 to 200 mL
220 to 320 mL
320 to 420 mL
A closed soft-tissue injury with swelling and ecchymosis is called a:
contusion.
hematoma.
concussion.
crush injury.
A construction worker who was using a shovel to move soil around a new underground telephone cable is electrocuted after what witnesses say was a big flash in the hole. The patient is lying motionless. You should first:
put on rubber boots and enter the hole.
make certain the power is turned off.
contact the telephone company to determine whether the lines are dead.
loop a rope and attempt to hook it around the patient's ankle and drag him across the hole.
When transporting a stable stroke patient with hemiparesis, it is best to place the patient in a:
lateral position with the paralyzed side down.
lateral position with the paralyzed side up.
supine position with the legs elevated.
semi-Fowler's position of comfort.
An unconscious skier is found face down in a treewell. You would document he was found in what position?
supine
prone
shock
Fowler's
A nose bleed is often best cared for by:
placing the patient in a sitting position, leaning forward, and pinching the nostrils together.
placing the patient in a sitting position, leaning backward, and pinching the nostrils together.
placing the patient in a supine position with gauze pads under the nostrils.
placing the patient in a lateral position with gauze pads under the dependent nostril.
Wearing a helmet may help prevent what type trauma injuries to the head?
compression
penetration
deceleration
The part of the brain responsible for cardiac, respiratory, and other vital life functions is called the:
cerebrum.
brain stem.
cerebellum.
occipital lobe.
Functions centered at the command post include all of the following EXCEPT:
advanced treatment area.
interagency liaison.
press releases.
coordination of multiple safety organizations.
Good body mechanics includes:
using rotating and twisting actions when changing directions.
flexing your knees when working below the level of your waist.
using jerky movements to move equipment.
bending at the waist to lift a patient from the ground.
A 28-year-old woman has received a soft-tissue injury to her anterior, upper leg playing lacrosse. Treatment of her injury can be easily remembered using the acronym of:
ICES
RICES
CECS
SECS
Inadequate breathing in an adult exists when the rate is less than:
8 or more than 24 breaths/min.
10 or more than 30 breaths/min.
12 or more than 35 breaths/min.
12 or more than 40 breaths/min.
Fractures can result in significant bleeding. Assessment should include:
proper BSI precautions.
visual inspection of the injury site.
CMS evaluation.
The major artery that supplies all other vessels with blood is the:
aorta.
carotid.
brachial.
femoral.
When splinting an injury, you should immobilize the:
injury site.
joint below the injury.
joint above the injury.
joint above and below the injury.
Spinal injuries can be difficult to detect. Along with the patient's physical signs and symptoms, you must consider the:
pupil size.
vital signs.
initial assessment.
mechanism of injury.
Because of a rich blood supply, injuries to the ______ organs of the abdomen may cause severe bleeding.
hollow
solid
intestinal
urinary
What is the difference between pain from angina and pain from myocardial infarction?
There is no difference.
The pain with a myocardial infarction will most likely decrease if the patient is allowed to rest.
The pain with an angina attack will most likely increase if the patient is allowed to rest.
The pain with an angina attack will most likely decrease if the patient is allowed to rest.
When caring for an open bleeding neck wound involving the carotid or jugular vessels, the rescuer should:
use a tourniquet above the wound.
apply pressure to the subclavicular pressure point.
apply pressure below the wound.
apply pressure above and below the wound.
The areas of the spinal column from the top to the bottom are the:
cervical, thoracic, sacral, lumbar, coccyx.
cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccyx.
cervical, thoracic, coccyx, lumbar, sacral.
cervical, lumbar, thoracic, sacral, coccyx.
The most common serious ski injury—which poses a permanent threat to an active lifestyle— is:
clavicle fracture.
wrist fracture.
severe knee sprain.
snowboarder's ankle.
Which of the following methods should be used to open the airway of a patient with a suspected spinal injury?
jaw thrust
chin lift alone
head tilt alone
head tilt-chin lift
Treatment of eye injuries always begins with:
irrigation with normal saline.
a thorough examination.
visual acuity tests.
palpation of the eyes.
A sign of kidney damage following blunt trauma is:
hemoptysis.
hematolysis.
hematinemia.
hematuria.
This is the end of the assessment. When you have completed all the questions and reviewed your answers, press the button below to grade the assessment.
